Cocaine Trafficking Increase: Hot Spots and Preventive Measures
Rising cocaine production and changing trafficking routes pose significant risks for commercial vessels, emphasizing the need for vigilance, preventive actions, and fair treatment of crew members.
United Nations Report Highlights
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) reported that 2023 is likely a record year for the global cocaine market, with production estimated at 3,708 tons—about a one-third increase compared to the previous year.
This surge mainly reflects the expansion of illicit coca bush cultivation in Colombia. Meanwhile, cultivation areas in Bolivia stabilized, and Peru saw a slight decline in 2023.
Trafficking Routes and Trends
- The primary cocaine trafficking flows move from the Andean countries to North America and Europe.
- Europe receives cocaine either directly from these countries or through West and Central Africa, although the latter is less common.
- Increasing seizures and wastewater analysis indicate a sharp rise in cocaine flows to Europe compared to North America.
- Recent data suggest an expansion of cocaine trafficking activities targeting Asia.
Contrasting Drug Trends
Unlike cocaine, Afghan opium and heroin production and transport remain at their lowest levels since 2001, according to UNODC.
"Most indicators – those for production, seizures and use – point to 2023 being a record-breaking year for the global cocaine market." – UNODC
Author's summary: Cocaine production and trafficking are accelerating globally, demanding stronger vigilance and preventive strategies to protect maritime and regional security.