‘Fancy tool’: how China cut chip defects by 99% for near-perfect lithography

China Achieves Near-Perfect Lithography with Cryo-ET Process

The researchers utilized cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to identify the sources of manufacturing flaws, resulting in unprecedented clarity and a potential pathway to significant industry cost cuts.

According to Peng,

"The team has proposed a solution compatible with existing semiconductor production lines... It can reduce lithography defects on 12-inch (30cm) wafers by 99 per cent,"
indicating substantial cost benefits to the market.

Lithography is a critical step in chip manufacturing, equivalent to

"printing circuits" onto semiconductor wafers such as silicon
, as described by Peng.

The Cryo-ET process has pinpointed the source of manufacturing flaws, achieving a 99% reduction in chip defects.

Author's summary: China achieves near-perfect lithography.

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South China Morning Post South China Morning Post — 2025-10-30

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